| First Author | Ozeki H | Year | 2004 |
| Journal | Mech Dev | Volume | 121 |
| Issue | 4 | Pages | 387-95 |
| PubMed ID | 15110048 | Mgi Jnum | J:90465 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:3043904 | Doi | 10.1016/j.mod.2004.02.002 |
| Citation | Ozeki H, et al. (2004) Endothelin-1 regulates the dorsoventral branchial arch patterning in mice. Mech Dev 121(4):387-95 |
| abstractText | Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a 21-amino acid peptide secreted by the epithelium and core mesenchyme in the branchial arches as well as vascular endothelium, is involved in craniofacial and cardiovascular development through endothelin receptor type-A (EdnrA) expressed in the neural crest-derived ectomesenchyme. Here we show that ET-1(-/-) mutant mice exhibit a homeotic-like transformation of the lower jaw to an upper jaw. Most of the maxillary arch-derived components are duplicated and replaced mandibular arch-derived structures, resulting in a mirror image of the upper and lower jaws in the ET-1(-/-) mutant. As for hyoid arch-derivatives, the ventral structures are severely affected in comparison to the dorsal ones in the ET-1(-/-) mutant. Correspondingly, the expression of Dlx5 and Dlx6, Distalless-related homeobox genes determining the ventral identity of the anterior branchial arches, and of the mandibular marker gene Pitx1 is significantly downregulated in the ET-1(-/-) mutant, whereas the expression of Dlx2 and the maxillary marker gene Prx2 is unaffected or rather upregulated. These findings indicate that the ET-1/EdnrA signaling may contribute to the dorsoventral axis patterning of the branchial arch system as a mediator of the regional intercellular interactions. |
