| First Author | Tamiya T | Year | 2013 |
| Journal | J Immunol | Volume | 191 |
| Issue | 5 | Pages | 2360-71 |
| PubMed ID | 23913959 | Mgi Jnum | J:205812 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:5546479 | Doi | 10.4049/jimmunol.1301276 |
| Citation | Tamiya T, et al. (2013) Smad2/3 and IRF4 play a cooperative role in IL-9-producing T cell induction. J Immunol 191(5):2360-71 |
| abstractText | IL-9 is a pleiotropic cytokine that can regulate autoimmune and allergic responses. Th9 cells can develop from naive T cells or Th2 cells through stimulation by TGF-beta in vitro. In this study, we demonstrated that Smad2 and Smad3 are necessary for IL-9 production from T cells in an OVA-induced asthma model using T cell-specific Smad2- and Smad3-deficient mice. Smad2 and Smad3 were also redundantly essential for TGF-beta signaling to induce histone modifications for Il9 transcription. Although Smad2/3 was recruited to the Il9 promoter by TGF-beta stimulation, they are not sufficient to activate the Il9 promoter. By the screening the transcription factors, we found that IFN regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) was essential for the Smad2/3-mediated Il9 promoter activation. In addition, Smad2/3 physically interacted with IRF4, and Smad2/3 did not bind to the Il9 promoter and could not induce Th9 in IRF4-deficient T cells. Similarly, IRF4 could not stimulate Il9 transcription in the absence of Smad2/3, and TGF-beta enhanced IRF4 recruitment to the Il9 promoter in a Smad2/3-dependent manner. We propose that Smad2/3 and IRF4 cooperatively transactivate the Il9 promoter and play an important role in regulating allergic immune responses by inducing Th9 cells. |
