| First Author | Nojima T | Year | 2020 |
| Journal | J Immunol | Volume | 205 |
| Issue | 1 | Pages | 90-101 |
| PubMed ID | 32414809 | Mgi Jnum | J:294643 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:6445305 | Doi | 10.4049/jimmunol.1901015 |
| Citation | Nojima T, et al. (2020) Tracing Self-Reactive B Cells in Normal Mice. J Immunol 205(1):90-101 |
| abstractText | BCR transgenic mice dominate studies of B cell tolerance; consequently, tolerance in normal mice expressing diverse sets of autoreactive B cells is poorly characterized. We have used single B cell cultures to trace self-reactivity in BCR repertoires across the first and second tolerance checkpoints and in tolerized B cell compartments of normal mice. This approach reveals affinity "setpoints" that define each checkpoint and a subset of tolerized, autoreactive B cells that is long-lived. In normal mice, the numbers of B cells avidly specific for DNA fall significantly as small pre-B become immature and transitional-1 B cells, revealing the first tolerance checkpoint. By contrast, DNA reactivity does not significantly change when immature and transitional-1 B cells become mature follicular B cells, showing that the second checkpoint does not reduce DNA reactivity. In the spleen, autoreactivity was high in transitional-3 (T3) B cells, CD93(+)IgM(-/lo)IgD(hi) anergic B cells, and a CD93(-) anergic subset. Whereas splenic T3 and CD93(+) anergic B cells are short-lived, CD93(-)IgM(-/lo)IgD(hi) B cells have half-lives comparable to mature follicular B cells. B cell-specific deletion of proapoptotic genes, Bak and Bax, resulted in increased CD93(-)IgM(-/lo)IgD(hi) B cell numbers but not T3 B cell numbers, suggesting that apoptosis regulates differently persistent and ephemeral autoreactive B cells. The self-reactivity and longevity of CD93(-)IgM(-/lo)IgD(hi) B cells and their capacity to proliferate and differentiate into plasmacytes in response to CD40 activation in vitro lead us to propose that this persistent, self-reactive compartment may be the origin of systemic autoimmunity and a potential target for vaccines to elicit protective Abs cross-reactive with self-antigens. |
