| First Author | Park YJ | Year | 2014 |
| Journal | Diabetologia | Volume | 57 |
| Issue | 4 | Pages | 765-75 |
| PubMed ID | 24442508 | Mgi Jnum | J:209495 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:5568004 | Doi | 10.1007/s00125-013-3152-1 |
| Citation | Park YJ, et al. (2014) The role of caspase-8 in amyloid-induced beta cell death in human and mouse islets. Diabetologia 57(4):765-75 |
| abstractText | AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Reduced beta cell mass due to increased beta cell apoptosis is a key defect in type 2 diabetes. Islet amyloid, formed by the aggregation of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), contributes to beta cell death in type 2 diabetes and in islet grafts in patients with type 1 diabetes. In this study, we used human islets and hIAPP-expressing mouse islets with beta cell Casp8 deletion to (1) investigate the role of caspase-8 in amyloid-induced beta cell apoptosis and (2) test whether caspase-8 inhibition protects beta cells from amyloid toxicity. METHODS: Human islet cells were cultured with hIAPP alone, or with caspase-8, Fas or amyloid inhibitors. Human islets and wild-type or hIAPP-expressing mouse islets with or without caspase-8 expression (generated using a Cre/loxP system) were cultured to form amyloid. Caspase-8 and -3 activation, Fas and FLICE inhibitory protein (FLIP) expression, islet beta cell and amyloid area, IL-1beta levels, and the beta:alpha cell ratio were assessed. RESULTS: hIAPP treatment induced activation of caspase-8 and -3 in islet beta cells (via Fas upregulation), resulting in apoptosis, which was markedly reduced by blocking caspase-8, Fas or amyloid. Amyloid formation in cultured human and hIAPP-expressing mouse islets induced caspase-8 activation, which was associated with Fas upregulation and elevated islet IL-1beta levels. hIAPP-expressing mouse islets with Casp8 deletion had comparable amyloid, IL-1beta and Fas levels with those expressing hIAPP and Casp8, but markedly lower beta cell apoptosis, higher beta:alpha cell ratio, greater beta cell area, and enhanced beta cell function. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Beta cell Fas upregulation by endogenously produced and exogenously applied hIAPP aggregates promotes caspase-8 activation, resulting in beta cell apoptosis. The prevention of amyloid-induced caspase-8 activation enhances beta cell survival and function in islets. |
