| First Author | Rayhane N | Year | 1999 |
| Journal | J Infect Dis | Volume | 180 |
| Issue | 5 | Pages | 1637-47 |
| PubMed ID | 10515827 | Mgi Jnum | J:120423 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:3706505 | Doi | 10.1086/315061 |
| Citation | Rayhane N, et al. (1999) Enhanced sensitivity of tumor necrosis factor/lymphotoxin-alpha-deficient mice to Cryptococcus neoformans infection despite increased levels of nitrite/nitrate, interferon-gamma, and interleukin-12. J Infect Dis 180(5):1637-47 |
| abstractText | The cytokine network and infection severity were characterized during disseminated cryptococcosis in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- and lymphotoxin (Lt)-alpha-deficient mice. On day 16, the fungus burden was higher and median survival time was reduced, as was polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltrate in the brains of knockout mice. TNF/Lt-alpha-deficient mice had lower levels of interleukin (IL)-6 in lungs and brains, IL-1beta, and the chemokine KC in brain and spleen and of the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 in spleen than control animals. In contrast, higher levels of IL-6, IL-10, and MCP-1 in plasma and higher levels of IL-12, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and nitrite/nitrate were found in all compartments of TNF/Lt-alpha-deficient mice. These data confirm that TNF or Lt-alpha is a key cytokine for the anticryptococcal response and demonstrate its major role for the induction of IL-1beta, IL-6, and KC in the brain; however, its presence is not a prerequisite for IL-12, IFN-gamma, and nitrite/nitrate production. |
