| First Author | Kim N | Year | 2023 |
| Journal | J Neuroinflammation | Volume | 20 |
| Issue | 1 | Pages | 282 |
| PubMed ID | 38012646 | Mgi Jnum | J:343590 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:7563402 | Doi | 10.1186/s12974-023-02966-9 |
| Citation | Kim N, et al. (2023) Inhibition of microfold cells ameliorates early pathological phenotypes by modulating microglial functions in Alzheimer's disease mouse model. J Neuroinflammation 20(1):282 |
| abstractText | BACKGROUND: The gut microbiota has recently attracted attention as a pathogenic factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microfold (M) cells, which play a crucial role in the gut immune response against external antigens, are also exploited for the entry of pathogenic bacteria and proteins into the body. However, whether changes in M cells can affect the gut environments and consequently change brain pathologies in AD remains unknown. METHODS: Five familial AD (5xFAD) and 5xFAD-derived fecal microbiota transplanted (5xFAD-FMT) naive mice were used to investigate the changes of M cells in the AD environment. Next, to establish the effect of M cell depletion on AD environments, 5xFAD mice and Spib knockout mice were bred, and behavioral and histological analyses were performed when M cell-depleted 5xFAD mice were six or nine months of age. RESULTS: In this study, we found that M cell numbers were increased in the colons of 5xFAD and 5xFAD-FMT mice compared to those of wild-type (WT) and WT-FMT mice. Moreover, the level of total bacteria infiltrating the colons increased in the AD-mimicked mice. The levels of M cell-related genes and that of infiltrating bacteria showed a significant correlation. The genetic inhibition of M cells (Spib knockout) in 5xFAD mice changed the composition of the gut microbiota, along with decreasing proinflammatory cytokine levels in the colons. M cell depletion ameliorated AD symptoms including amyloid-beta accumulation, microglial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and memory impairment. Similarly, 5xFAD-FMT did not induce AD-like pathologies, such as memory impairment and excessive neuroinflammation in Spib(-/-) mice. CONCLUSION: Therefore, our findings provide evidence that the inhibiting M cells can prevent AD progression, with therapeutic implications. |
