| First Author | Shrestha N | Year | 2023 |
| Journal | J Clin Invest | Volume | 133 |
| Issue | 1 | PubMed ID | 36346671 |
| Mgi Jnum | J:332543 | Mgi Id | MGI:7427324 |
| Doi | 10.1172/JCI163584 | Citation | Shrestha N, et al. (2023) Integration of ER protein quality control mechanisms defines beta cell function and ER architecture. J Clin Invest 133(1) |
| abstractText | Three principal ER quality-control mechanisms, namely, the unfolded protein response, ER-associated degradation (ERAD), and ER-phagy are each important for the maintenance of ER homeostasis, yet how they are integrated to regulate ER homeostasis and organellar architecture in vivo is largely unclear. Here we report intricate crosstalk among the 3 pathways, centered around the SEL1L-HRD1 protein complex of ERAD, in the regulation of organellar organization in beta cells. SEL1L-HRD1 ERAD deficiency in beta cells triggers activation of autophagy, at least in part, via IRE1alpha (an endogenous ERAD substrate). In the absence of functional SEL1L-HRD1 ERAD, proinsulin is retained in the ER as high molecular weight conformers, which are subsequently cleared via ER-phagy. A combined loss of both SEL1L and autophagy in beta cells leads to diabetes in mice shortly after weaning, with premature death by approximately 11 weeks of age, associated with marked ER retention of proinsulin and beta cell loss. Using focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy powered by deep-learning automated image segmentation and 3D reconstruction, our data demonstrate a profound organellar restructuring with a massive expansion of ER volume and network in beta cells lacking both SEL1L and autophagy. These data reveal at an unprecedented detail the intimate crosstalk among the 3 ER quality-control mechanisms in the dynamic regulation of organellar architecture and beta cell function. |
