| First Author | Porgador A | Year | 1993 |
| Journal | Int J Cancer | Volume | 53 |
| Issue | 3 | Pages | 471-7 |
| PubMed ID | 8428800 | Mgi Jnum | J:3827 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:52335 | Doi | 10.1002/ijc.2910530320 |
| Citation | Porgador A, et al. (1993) Anti-metastatic vaccination of tumor-bearing mice with IL-2-gene-inserted tumor cells. Int J Cancer 53(3):471-7 |
| abstractText | IL-2 gene was introduced through retroviral vectors into the highly malignant and poorly immunogenic 3LL-D122 clone. Both high and low D122-IL-2 secretors showed elimination of tumorigenicity in syngeneic immune-competent mice; however, in nude mice only the high IL-2 secretor showed reduced tumorigenicity as compared with parental D122 cells. Also, following intravenous inoculation, only the high IL-2 secretor showed reduced generation of metastases, whereas the low IL-2 secretors were as highly metastatic as parental cells. These results seem to indicate that low levels of IL-2 secreted by tumor cells are sufficient to activate T cells, while higher levels are needed in order to activate non-T-cell effectors. D122-IL-2 secretors induced high levels of anti-tumor CTL, while their sensitivity to the lytic activity of these CTL was similar to the sensitivity of D122 cells, thus indicating that the elevation of immunogenicity of IL-2 secretors was essentially due to the secreted IL-2. In accordance with CTL induction, pre-immunization with IL-2 secretors protected mice against subsequent challenge of parental cells. Moreover, immunization in an immunotherapy protocol i.e., vaccination of mice carrying an established tumor of parental D122 cells with inactivated D122-IL2 infectants, almost completely eliminated the generation of lung metastases by D122 cells, thus providing a rationale for the use of IL-2 gene transferred tumor cells as a modality for treatment of metastasis. |
