| First Author | Mallo M | Year | 1997 |
| Journal | Dev Biol | Volume | 184 |
| Issue | 1 | Pages | 175-86 |
| PubMed ID | 9142993 | Mgi Jnum | J:39794 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:87143 | Doi | 10.1006/dbio.1997.8519 |
| Citation | Mallo M (1997) Retinoic acid disturbs mouse middle ear development in a stage-dependent fashion. Dev Biol 184(1):175-86 |
| abstractText | The mammalian middle ear contains a chain of three ossicles, the malleus, incus, and stapes, that transmit into the inner ear the vibrations produced in the tympanic membrane by aerial sound. I show here that retinoic acid interferes with the formation of the middle ear in a stage-specific fashion. The malformations produced are derived from a retinoic acid-induced inhibition of the formation and/or migration of the cranial neural crest that generates the middle ear skeletal elements and not from a respecification of neural crest identity to more posterior fates. I have used these effects of retinoic acid to analyze the temporal sequence of events involved in the morphogenesis of the middle ear. I show that the middle ear bones develop from several primordia that originate in a typical temporal sequence from Day 8 plus 4.5 hr to Day 8 plus 7.5 hr of pregnancy. Moreover, interactions between adjacent bones are not required for their proper formation. My results also suggest a Hoxa-2-mediated patterning of the otic capsule in the region where the oval window is located. |
