| First Author | Pezzana S | Year | 2024 |
| Journal | Theranostics | Volume | 14 |
| Issue | 12 | Pages | 4582-4597 |
| PubMed ID | 39239511 | Mgi Jnum | J:354220 |
| Mgi Id | MGI:7732831 | Doi | 10.7150/thno.95173 |
| Citation | Pezzana S, et al. (2024) In-depth cross-validation of human and mouse CD4-specific minibodies for noninvasive PET imaging of CD4(+) cells and response prediction to cancer immunotherapy. Theranostics 14(12):4582-4597 |
| abstractText | Increasing evidence emphasizes the pivotal role of CD4(+) T cells in orchestrating cancer immunity. Noninvasive in vivo imaging of the temporal dynamics of CD4(+) T cells and their distribution patterns might provide novel insights into their effector and regulator cell functions during cancer immunotherapy (CIT). Methods: We conducted a comparative analysis of (89)Zr-labeled anti-mouse (m) and anti-human (h) CD4-targeting minibodies (Mbs) for in vivo positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of CD4(+) T cells in human xenografts, syngeneic tumor-bearing wild-type (WT), and human CD4(+) knock-in (hCD4-KI) mouse models. Results: Both (89)Zr-CD4-Mbs yielded high radiolabeling efficiencies of >90%, immunoreactivities of >70%, and specific in vitro binding to their target antigens. The specificity of in vivo targeting of (89)Zr-hCD4-Mb was confirmed by PET/MRI, revealing ~4-fold greater (89)Zr-hCD4-Mb uptake in subcutaneous hCD4(+) hematopoietic peripheral blood acute lymphoblastic leukemia tumors (HPB-ALL) than in solid hCD4(-) diffuse histiocytic lymphomas (DHL) and (89)Zr-mCD4-Mb uptake in hCD4(+) HPB-ALL tumors. In a comparative cross-validation study in anti-programmed death ligand (alphaPD-L1)/anti-4-1BB-treated orthotopic PyMT mammary carcinoma-bearing hCD4-KI and WT mice, we detected 2- to 3-fold enhanced species-specific (89)Zr-hCD4-Mb or (89)Zr-mCD4-Mb uptake within CD4(+) cell-enriched secondary lymphatic organs (lymph nodes and spleens). The (89)Zr-hCD4-Mb uptake in the PyMT tumors was more pronounced in hCD4-KI mice compared to the WT control littermates. Most importantly, MC38 adenocarcinoma-bearing mice treated with a combination of alphaPD-L1 and anti-lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (alphaLag-3) antibodies exhibited ~1.4-fold higher (89)Zr-mCD4-Mb uptake than mice that were not responsive to therapy or sham-treated mice. Conclusion: CD4 PET/MRI enabled monitoring of the CD4(+) cell distribution in secondary lymphatic organs and the tumor microenvironment, capable of predicting sensitivity to CIT. Our imaging approach will provide deeper insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of CD4-directed cancer immunotherapies in preclinical mouse models and is applicable for clinical translation. |
