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Publication : Protection against malaria at 1 year and immune correlates following PfSPZ vaccination.

First Author  Ishizuka AS Year  2016
Journal  Nat Med Volume  22
Issue  6 Pages  614-23
PubMed ID  27158907 Mgi Jnum  J:239726
Mgi Id  MGI:5829542 Doi  10.1038/nm.4110
Citation  Ishizuka AS, et al. (2016) Protection against malaria at 1 year and immune correlates following PfSPZ vaccination. Nat Med 22(6):614-23
abstractText  An attenuated Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) sporozoite (SPZ) vaccine, PfSPZ Vaccine, is highly protective against controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) 3 weeks after immunization, but the durability of protection is unknown. We assessed how vaccine dosage, regimen, and route of administration affected durable protection in malaria-naive adults. After four intravenous immunizations with 2.7 x 10(5) PfSPZ, 6/11 (55%) vaccinated subjects remained without parasitemia following CHMI 21 weeks after immunization. Five non-parasitemic subjects from this dosage group underwent repeat CHMI at 59 weeks, and none developed parasitemia. Although Pf-specific serum antibody levels correlated with protection up to 21-25 weeks after immunization, antibody levels waned substantially by 59 weeks. Pf-specific T cell responses also declined in blood by 59 weeks. To determine whether T cell responses in blood reflected responses in liver, we vaccinated nonhuman primates with PfSPZ Vaccine. Pf-specific interferon-gamma-producing CD8 T cells were present at approximately 100-fold higher frequencies in liver than in blood. Our findings suggest that PfSPZ Vaccine conferred durable protection to malaria through long-lived tissue-resident T cells and that administration of higher doses may further enhance protection.
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