| First Author | Omoe K | Year | 1991 |
| Journal | Mouse Genome | Volume | 89 |
| Issue | 4 | Pages | 858-860 |
| Mgi Jnum | J:14315 | Mgi Id | MGI:62486 |
| Citation | Omoe K, et al. (1991) Embryonic characteristics of a 41,XYY mouse. Mouse Genome 89(4):858-860 |
| abstractText | Full text of Mouse Genome contribution: EMBRYONIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A 41,XYY MOUSE. Katsuhiko Omoe and Akira Endo*, Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, 990-23, Japan. *To whom all correspondence should be addressed. We have already reported that the cases of sex chromosome anomalies such as 41,XXX1 and 41,XXY2 were born to our breeding colony of 39,X mice. This time, during the course of cytogenetic diagnosis of embryos from pregnant 39,X dams at mid-gestation (day of gestation 10), we found a growth-retarded individual that had a modal chromosomal number of 41. Sex chromatin analysis of amniotic cells3 was negative (only 8.5% (51/603)), and partial karyotyping of yolk sac cells4 showed the presence of two characteristic, identifiable Y chromosomes. Thus, this embryo was diagnosed to have a chromosomal complement of 41,XYY. Our case individual was one of six offspring of the first pregnancy of a 12-week-old 39,X Jcl/ICR mouse. Among five littermates, two had 40,XY, one had 40,XX and another two had 39,X chromosomal constitutions. The crown-rump length (CRL), head length (HL) and somite number of the 41,XYY embryo were smaller than those of the XY littermates. We also assessed the degree of morphogenesis of the 41,XYY embryo and its littermates using the morphological score (MS) of Van Maele-Fabry et al.5 The MS of the 41,XYY embryo was 40, while the score of its littermates ranged from 51 to 59 (Table 1). Table 1. Developmental status of the XYY mouse embryo and its littermates. Intrauterine position*: R1; Genotype: XX; Crown-Rump Length (mm): 3.4; Head Length (mm): 1.9; Somite No.: 29; Morphological Score**: 51. Intrauterine position*: L1; Genotype: XO; Crown-Rump Length (mm): 3.7; Head Length (mm): 2.0; Somite No.: 30; Morphological Score**: 58. Intrauterine position*: L2; Genotype: XO; Crown-Rump Length (mm): 4.0; Head Length (mm): 2.1; Somite No.: 31; Morphological Score**: 59. Intrauterine position*: L3; Genotype: XY; Crown-Rump Length (mm): 3.4; Head Length (mm): 1.9; Somite No.: 28; Morphological Score**: 56. Intrauterine position*: L4; Genotype: XYY; Crown-Rump Length (mm): 2.1; Head Length (mm): 1.1; Somite No.: 24; Morphological Score**: 40. Intrauterine position*: L5; Genotype: XY; Crown-Rump Length (mm): 3.8; Head Length (mm): 2.0; Somite No.: 31; Morphological Score**: 59. *Position order from the right and left ovaries. **Using criteria by G. Van Maele-Fabry et al. (1990). The CRL, HL and MS of the 41,XYY embryo were smaller than those of XY embryos from other litters that had the same somite number of 24. Those findings show that the 41,XYY embryo is less differentiated for its developmental stage. However, we could not detect any sign of external malformations in this 41,XYY embryo. Table 2. Literature Review of the Cases of Pure 41,XYY Mice. Reference: Cattanach, B.M. and C.E. Pollard (1969); No. of cases: 1; Population: stock colonies; Description: adult, normal, sterile, meiosis studied. Reference: Ford, C.E. (1970); No. of cases: 1 in 5460; Population: stock colonies; Description: adult, normal, sterile. Reference: Rathenberg, R. and D. Muller (1973); No. of cases: 1; Population: stock colonies; Description: adult, normal, no mating, meiosis studied. Reference: Cacheiro, N.L.A. and W.M. Generoso (1975); No. of cases: 1 in 3812; Population: male offspring from cyclophosphamide-treated males; Description: sterile. Reference: Cacheiro, N.L.A. and W.M. Generoso (1975); No. of cases: 3 in 615; Population: male offspring from 6-mercaptopurine-treated males; Description: sterile. Reference: Evans, E.P. et al. (1978); No. of cases: 1; Population: X-ray irradiated in utero at between dg*-2.5-9.5; Description: adult, normal, sterile, meiosis studied. Reference: Evans, E.P. et al. (1978); No. of cases: 1; Population: male offspring from X-ray-irradiated males; Description: adult, normal, sterile, meiosis studied. Reference: Evans, E.P. et al. (1978); No. of cases: 1; Population: a breeding colony with chromosomal translocation; Description: fertile early in life, but soon became sterile, meiosis studied. Reference: Evans, E.P. et al. (1978); No. of cases: 1; Population: stock colonies; Description: adult, normal, sterile, meiosis studied. Reference: Hansmann, I. et al. (1979); No. of cases: 1 in 601; Population: at mid-gestation embryos from X-ray-irradiated males; Description: dg*-9.5 embryo, no other description. Reference: Das, R.K. and R.N. Kar (1981); No. of cases: 1 in 1500; Population: stock colonies; Description: adult, normal, meiosis studied. Reference: Tease, C. (1990); No. of cases: 1; Population: a breeding colony with chromosomal translocation; Description: adult, sterile, meiosis studied. Reference: Present case; No. of cases: 1; Population: dg*-10 embryos from an XO mouse breeding colony; Description: retarded, underdeveloped, but no external anomalies. *days of gestation The first case report of the XYY chromosome constitution in man was reported in 1961 and the frequency of this aneuploid karyotype has been estimated to be about 1 per 700 newborn males6. It is thought that the XYY men are phenotypically normal and fertile. On the other hand, XYY mice have been found fortuitously by cytogenetic analysis of males with sterility, so the incidence of this aneuploid karyotype in mice is yet unknown. Our literature review revealed that 14 cases of XYY mice have been reported so far7-14. These XYY mice were phenotypically normal, but almost invariably sterile (Table 2). In this report, we described external morphology and the developmental status of a XYY mouse at mid-gestation. This 41,XYY embryo was retarded in growth and development. We believe that this is the first description of embryonic characteristics of the 41,XYY mouse. It is unknown whether the individual in question can survive to term or not. Although XYY mice have been thought to be phenotypically normal except its sterility, some of XYY embryos may die in utero. References 1. Endo A and Watanabe T. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1989;52: 98-99. 2. Endo A, Watanabe T, and Fujita T. Genome 1991;34: 41-43. 3. Watanabe T and Endo A. Stain Technol 1988;63: 149-154. 4. Evans EP, Burtenshaw MD, and Ford CE. Stain Technol 1972;47: 229-234. 5. Van Maele-Fabry G, Delhaise F, and Picard JJ. Toxic in vitro 1990;4: 149-156. 6. Gorlin RG. In: Yunis JJ. ed. New chromosomal syndromes. Academic Press, New York, 1977: 60-117. 7. Cattanach BM and Pollard CE. Cytogenetics 1969;8: 80-86. 8. Ford CE. In: Jacobs PA, Price WH and Law P. eds. Human population cytogenetics. Edinburgh Univ. Press, 1970: 221-239. 9. Rathenberg R and Muller D. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1973;12: 87-92. 10. Cacheiro NLA and Generoso WM. Mouse News Lett 1975;53: 52. 11. Evans EP, Beechey CV and Burtenshaw MD. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1978;20: 249-263. 12. Hansmann I, Zmarsly R, Probeck HD, Schafer J and Jenderny J. Nature 1979;280: 228-229. 13. Das RK and Kar RN. Experientia 1981;37: 821-822. 14. Tease C. Genet Res 1990;56: 129-133. |
